Viscose, also known as rayon, is a semi-synthetic fiber prized for its silk-like drape and luxurious feel. Clothing made from 100% viscose is comfortable, breathable, and drapes beautifully. However, viscose is also notorious for shrinking, especially when washed improperly. Understanding how to care for viscose properly is essential to keeping your garments looking their best and avoiding costly mistakes. This comprehensive guide will walk you through the steps to wash 100% viscose without shrinking, ensuring your favorite pieces stay in perfect condition for years to come.
Understanding Viscose: Why Does it Shrink?
Before diving into the washing process, it’s crucial to understand why viscose shrinks. Viscose fibers are derived from wood pulp, which is processed and spun into yarn. This process creates a fiber that is absorbent and sensitive to water. When viscose gets wet, the fibers swell and lose their shape. If the garment is then dried with heat, the fibers can contract and become permanently smaller, resulting in shrinkage. The key to preventing shrinkage is to minimize water exposure and avoid high heat during drying.
The Absorbent Nature of Viscose Fibers
Viscose fibers have a high absorbency rate, meaning they soak up water quickly. This absorption causes the fibers to swell considerably, which can disrupt the garment’s original structure. The more water the fabric absorbs, the greater the risk of shrinkage. Therefore, using minimal water and avoiding prolonged soaking is crucial.
The Role of Heat in Viscose Shrinkage
Heat is the primary culprit behind viscose shrinkage. High temperatures, whether from a washing machine’s hot water setting or a dryer’s heat cycle, can cause the swollen viscose fibers to contract and tighten, leading to permanent shrinkage. Avoiding high heat at all stages of the washing and drying process is essential for maintaining the garment’s original size and shape.
Preparing Your Viscose Garment for Washing
Proper preparation is key to a successful wash. Taking the time to prepare your viscose garment can significantly reduce the risk of shrinkage and damage.
Reading the Care Label: Your First Line of Defense
Always start by carefully reading the care label attached to your garment. The care label provides specific instructions from the manufacturer on how to wash and care for the item. The care label will indicate whether the garment is machine washable, hand washable, or requires dry cleaning. Following the care label’s instructions is the best way to ensure the garment is cleaned safely and effectively. The care label might suggest “Dry Clean Only” or specific washing temperatures. Ignoring these instructions can lead to irreversible damage.
Testing for Colorfastness: Preventing Color Bleeding
Before washing your viscose garment for the first time, it’s a good idea to test for colorfastness. To do this, dampen a small, inconspicuous area of the garment (such as an inside seam) with water and gently rub it with a white cloth. If any color transfers to the cloth, the garment is likely to bleed during washing. In this case, hand washing the garment separately or taking it to a professional dry cleaner is the best option.
Pre-Treating Stains: Addressing Problem Areas
If your viscose garment has any stains, it’s best to pre-treat them before washing. Use a mild stain remover specifically designed for delicate fabrics. Apply the stain remover to the affected area and gently blot it with a clean cloth. Avoid rubbing the stain, as this can damage the fibers. Allow the stain remover to sit for a few minutes before washing.
Washing Viscose: Hand Washing vs. Machine Washing
The choice between hand washing and machine washing depends on the garment’s care label and your personal preference. Hand washing is generally considered the gentlest method, while machine washing can be more convenient.
Hand Washing Viscose: The Gentle Approach
Hand washing is the preferred method for delicate viscose garments, as it minimizes the risk of shrinkage and damage. To hand wash viscose:
- Fill a clean basin or sink with cool water.
- Add a small amount of mild detergent specifically designed for delicate fabrics.
- Gently swirl the water to distribute the detergent evenly.
- Submerge the viscose garment in the water and gently agitate it for a few minutes.
- Avoid rubbing or twisting the fabric, as this can damage the fibers.
- Rinse the garment thoroughly with cool water until all traces of detergent are gone.
- Gently squeeze out excess water. Do not wring the garment.
Machine Washing Viscose: When it’s Safe to Use the Machine
If the care label indicates that your viscose garment is machine washable, follow these guidelines to minimize the risk of shrinkage:
- Turn the garment inside out to protect the fibers.
- Place the garment in a mesh laundry bag to prevent it from snagging or stretching.
- Use a mild detergent specifically designed for delicate fabrics.
- Select the delicate or hand wash cycle on your washing machine.
- Use cool water only. Hot water can cause significant shrinkage.
- Set the spin cycle to low to minimize stress on the fibers.
Drying Viscose: Avoiding the Dryer
The dryer is the biggest enemy of viscose. High heat can cause significant shrinkage and damage to the fibers. The best way to dry viscose is to air dry it.
Air Drying Viscose: The Best Option for Preventing Shrinkage
Air drying is the safest and most effective way to dry viscose without shrinking. To air dry your viscose garment:
- Gently squeeze out excess water from the garment. Avoid wringing or twisting the fabric.
- Lay the garment flat on a clean, dry towel.
- Gently roll up the towel to absorb excess water.
- Unroll the towel and reshape the garment.
- Lay the garment flat on a clean, dry surface or hang it on a padded hanger in a well-ventilated area.
- Avoid direct sunlight, as this can cause the color to fade.
- Allow the garment to air dry completely.
Using a Dryer: A Last Resort (With Extreme Caution)
If you must use a dryer, do so with extreme caution. Only use the dryer if the care label specifically allows it.
- Place the garment in a mesh laundry bag to protect it.
- Use the lowest heat setting possible, preferably the air-dry or tumble-dry low setting.
- Check the garment frequently to ensure it is not overheating.
- Remove the garment from the dryer while it is still slightly damp.
- Lay the garment flat to finish drying.
Ironing and Steaming Viscose: Finishing Touches
Viscose garments often wrinkle easily, so ironing or steaming may be necessary to restore their smooth appearance.
Ironing Viscose: Using the Right Settings
When ironing viscose, use a low heat setting and always iron the garment inside out. Use a pressing cloth between the iron and the fabric to protect the fibers from direct heat. Avoid using steam, as this can cause the fabric to shrink.
Steaming Viscose: A Gentle Alternative to Ironing
Steaming is a gentler alternative to ironing that can effectively remove wrinkles from viscose garments. Use a garment steamer to steam the garment from a distance, holding the steamer a few inches away from the fabric. Avoid over-steaming, as this can cause the fabric to become waterlogged.
Tips and Tricks for Maintaining Viscose Garments
Here are some additional tips and tricks to help you keep your viscose garments looking their best:
- Store viscose garments properly by hanging them on padded hangers or folding them neatly in a drawer.
- Avoid overcrowding your closet, as this can cause the garments to wrinkle.
- Use garment bags to protect delicate viscose garments from dust and moths.
- Consider dry cleaning for delicate or heavily embellished viscose garments.
Caring for viscose requires a gentle touch and attention to detail. By following these guidelines, you can wash your 100% viscose garments without shrinking, keeping them looking beautiful and extending their lifespan. Remember, prevention is key, so always read the care label, use cool water, avoid high heat, and air dry your garments whenever possible. By taking these precautions, you can enjoy the luxurious feel and beautiful drape of viscose for years to come.
What water temperature is safe for washing viscose to prevent shrinkage?
Always use cold water when washing 100% viscose. Hot water can cause the fibers to contract and shrink. Cold water is gentler on the fabric, helping to maintain its original shape and size. Using a cold water cycle will also help preserve the color and prevent fading, extending the garment’s life.
It’s crucial to avoid any exposure to heat throughout the washing process. Even lukewarm water can be detrimental. Think of viscose like you think of your hair – gentle handling is key to avoiding damage. Make it a habit to always check the care label, as some viscose garments may recommend hand washing only.
Can I put viscose in the dryer?
No, avoid putting 100% viscose in the dryer. The high heat will almost certainly cause the garment to shrink significantly. The heat also weakens the fibers, potentially leading to damage, pilling, or distortion of the fabric. Stick to air drying methods for best results.
Air drying is the safest option. Lay the garment flat on a clean, dry towel, or hang it on a padded hanger in a well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight. Direct sunlight can fade colors and weaken the fabric over time. Avoid using clothespins, as they can leave marks on the delicate viscose material.
What is the best washing machine cycle for viscose?
The best washing machine cycle for viscose is the delicate or gentle cycle. This cycle uses lower agitation and slower spin speeds, reducing the risk of stretching or damaging the fabric. Choose this setting to minimize stress on the viscose fibers during the wash.
It is also recommended to use a mesh laundry bag to further protect your viscose garments. This bag acts as a barrier, preventing the fabric from snagging on other items or the inside of the washing machine. Remember to select the cold water setting and a gentle detergent in addition to the delicate cycle.
Which type of detergent should I use when washing viscose?
Use a gentle, pH-neutral detergent specifically formulated for delicate fabrics when washing viscose. Avoid harsh detergents, bleach, or detergents with enzymes, as these can damage the fibers and cause discoloration or weakening. Look for detergents labeled as “for delicates” or “for wool and silk.”
It is also advisable to use less detergent than you normally would for other types of fabrics. Overusing detergent can leave residue on the fabric, making it stiff and potentially attracting more dirt. Dilute the detergent slightly before adding it to the washing machine, or use a detergent dispenser to ensure proper distribution.
How can I prevent wrinkles when washing viscose?
To minimize wrinkles, remove the viscose garment from the washing machine promptly after the cycle is complete. Do not leave it sitting in the machine, as this can contribute to wrinkling. Shake the garment gently and smooth out any creases before air drying.
Hanging the garment on a padded hanger or laying it flat can also help prevent wrinkles. Avoid overcrowding the washing machine, as this can also cause wrinkles. If wrinkles do occur, a cool iron or steamer can be used to gently remove them. Always check the care label for specific ironing instructions.
Can I hand wash viscose instead of using a washing machine?
Yes, hand washing is an excellent option for washing viscose, especially for delicate or embellished items. Fill a clean basin or sink with cold water and add a small amount of gentle detergent. Gently swirl the garment in the water, avoiding harsh rubbing or twisting.
Rinse the garment thoroughly with cold water until all traces of detergent are gone. To remove excess water, gently squeeze the garment – do not wring it out, as this can damage the fibers. Lay the garment flat on a clean towel and roll it up to absorb excess moisture. Then, lay it flat or hang it to air dry.
What should I do if my viscose garment shrinks after washing?
Unfortunately, if a viscose garment has already shrunk, fully reversing the shrinkage is unlikely. However, you can try gently steaming the garment while lightly stretching it back to its original shape. This can sometimes help to relax the fibers and regain a small amount of the original size.
Be extremely careful when steaming, as excessive heat can further damage the fabric. Use a low heat setting and avoid direct contact between the iron and the garment. If the garment is badly shrunk, professional dry cleaning might be the only option, but even then, there’s no guarantee of complete restoration. Prevention is always the best approach.