Cheesesteak. The very word conjures images of bustling street corners, the sizzle of thinly sliced steak on a griddle, and the aroma of melted cheese mingling with caramelized onions. But what exactly is a cheesesteak? Is it just a sandwich? A regional delicacy? Or something more? This article delves deep into the heart of the cheesesteak, exploring its history, its ingredients, its variations, and its undeniable status as a culinary icon.
The Anatomy of a Cheesesteak: Deconstructing the Delicacy
At its core, a cheesesteak is a sandwich. Specifically, it’s a sandwich made with thinly sliced steak and melted cheese served on a long, crusty roll. However, labeling it simply as a “sandwich” feels inadequate. It’s like calling the Mona Lisa just a painting. There’s a depth, a complexity, and a cultural significance that elevates it beyond the mundane.
The Steak: The Heart of the Matter
The most crucial component of a cheesesteak is, undoubtedly, the steak. While the type of steak used can vary slightly depending on the establishment and personal preference, the most common choice is thinly sliced ribeye. Ribeye offers a good balance of flavor, tenderness, and fat content, which contributes to the overall richness and satisfying texture of the sandwich.
The steak isn’t just sliced; it’s often chopped on the griddle as it cooks. This chopping process ensures even cooking, helps the steak absorb the flavors of the griddle and any added seasonings, and creates a more manageable texture when layered inside the roll.
The Cheese: The Binder and Flavor Enhancer
The cheese is what transforms a simple steak sandwich into a cheesesteak. The choice of cheese is a deeply personal one, and it’s often the subject of heated debate among cheesesteak aficionados. The two most popular options are Cheez Whiz and provolone.
Cheez Whiz, with its smooth, almost liquid consistency, is the quintessential cheesesteak cheese. Its processed flavor and creamy texture melt beautifully into the steak, creating a unified and undeniably decadent experience.
Provolone offers a slightly more sophisticated and sharper flavor profile. It provides a more pronounced cheese taste that complements the richness of the steak. Some establishments also offer American cheese as an option, providing a milder, meltier alternative.
The Roll: The Foundation of the Feast
The roll is the unsung hero of the cheesesteak. It needs to be sturdy enough to hold the generous filling without falling apart, yet soft enough to be easily bitten through. The ideal roll has a slightly crusty exterior and a soft, chewy interior. Amoroso’s Baking Company in Philadelphia is often cited as the gold standard for cheesesteak rolls. Their rolls are specifically designed to withstand the saucy filling and maintain their integrity throughout the eating experience.
Optional Toppings: Adding Personal Flair
While the basic components of a cheesesteak are steak, cheese, and a roll, many establishments offer a variety of optional toppings to customize the sandwich to individual preferences. The most common topping is onions, which are typically caramelized on the griddle alongside the steak. Other popular options include peppers (both sweet and hot), mushrooms, and even pizza sauce. The addition of these toppings allows for endless variations and personalized cheesesteak experiences.
A Brief History of the Cheesesteak: From Humble Beginnings to Global Phenomenon
The cheesesteak’s origin story is a classic tale of culinary innovation born from humble circumstances. In the early 1930s, Pat and Harry Olivieri, who ran a hot dog stand in South Philadelphia, decided to try something different. They grilled some thinly sliced beef and put it on a roll.
One day, a cab driver saw Pat eating the steak sandwich and asked for one himself. He declared it a revolutionary culinary creation. Soon, other taxi drivers and passersby were requesting the steak sandwich. Initially, it was served without cheese.
Legend has it that the addition of cheese came later, in the 1940s, when a manager at Pat’s King of Steaks decided to add provolone to the sandwich. From that moment on, the cheesesteak was born, and its popularity spread like wildfire.
Pat’s King of Steaks and Geno’s Steaks, located across the street from each other in South Philadelphia, are considered the two most famous cheesesteak establishments. They have been fierce rivals for decades, attracting tourists and locals alike eager to sample their versions of the iconic sandwich.
Cheesesteak Variations: Exploring the Possibilities
While the classic cheesesteak remains the most popular version, numerous variations have emerged over the years, reflecting regional preferences and culinary creativity.
The “Whiz Wit”: The Quintessential Order
Ordering a cheesesteak in Philadelphia can be an art form. The classic order is “Whiz Wit,” which translates to “Cheez Whiz with onions.” This is the go-to choice for many locals and tourists seeking an authentic cheesesteak experience.
The “Whiz Witout”: For Those Who Prefer Simplicity
If onions aren’t your thing, you can order a “Whiz Witout,” which means “Cheez Whiz without onions.”
The Provolone Route: A Sharper Flavor Profile
For those who prefer a more pronounced cheese flavor, ordering with provolone is the way to go. You can specify “Provolone Wit” or “Provolone Witout” depending on your onion preference.
Beyond the Basics: Creative Adaptations
Beyond the traditional options, many establishments offer a range of creative cheesesteak variations. These might include variations with different types of cheese (such as Cooper Sharp or mozzarella), different toppings (such as roasted peppers or spinach), or even different types of meat (such as chicken or pork).
The Cheesesteak as a Cultural Icon: More Than Just a Sandwich
The cheesesteak is more than just a sandwich; it’s a symbol of Philadelphia. It represents the city’s working-class roots, its no-nonsense attitude, and its passion for good food. The cheesesteak has been featured in countless movies, television shows, and books, solidifying its place in popular culture.
Visiting Philadelphia and trying a cheesesteak is a rite of passage for many tourists. It’s an opportunity to experience a taste of the city’s culinary heritage and to participate in a local tradition.
The cheesesteak also embodies a sense of community. People from all walks of life come together to enjoy this iconic sandwich, sharing stories and experiences over a common love of good food.
Making Your Own Cheesesteak: A Recipe for Success
While nothing quite compares to a cheesesteak made in Philadelphia, you can certainly try your hand at making one at home. Here’s a basic recipe to get you started:
Ingredients:
- 1 pound thinly sliced ribeye steak
- 2 tablespoons vegetable oil
- 1 onion, thinly sliced
- 4 hoagie rolls
- 8 slices of provolone cheese (or Cheez Whiz)
- Salt and pepper to taste
Instructions:
- Heat the vegetable oil in a large skillet or on a griddle over medium-high heat.
- Add the thinly sliced steak and cook, chopping it with a spatula as it cooks, until browned and cooked through.
- Add the sliced onions to the skillet and cook until softened and caramelized.
- Season with salt and pepper to taste.
- Divide the steak and onion mixture evenly among the hoagie rolls.
- Top each sandwich with provolone cheese (or Cheez Whiz).
- Place the sandwiches under a broiler for a minute or two, or until the cheese is melted and bubbly.
- Serve immediately and enjoy!
While this recipe provides a basic framework, feel free to experiment with different cheeses, toppings, and seasonings to create your own personalized cheesesteak masterpiece.
Conclusion: The Enduring Appeal of the Cheesesteak
The cheesesteak is a culinary icon that has captured the hearts (and stomachs) of people around the world. Its simple yet satisfying combination of thinly sliced steak, melted cheese, and a crusty roll has made it a beloved staple of Philadelphia cuisine. Whether you prefer it with Cheez Whiz or provolone, with onions or without, the cheesesteak remains a testament to the power of simple ingredients combined with culinary innovation. It’s a reminder that sometimes, the most iconic foods are born from the most humble beginnings. So, the next time you find yourself in Philadelphia, be sure to grab a cheesesteak and experience the magic for yourself. You won’t be disappointed. It’s not just a sandwich; it’s a cultural experience.
What are the core ingredients of a traditional Philadelphia cheesesteak?
The quintessential Philadelphia cheesesteak consists of thinly sliced ribeye steak grilled and chopped on a flat top. This steak is then placed into a long, crusty roll, typically an Amoroso’s roll, which is crucial to the sandwich’s structural integrity and flavor. The defining element, of course, is the cheese, with popular choices being provolone, American cheese, or Cheese Whiz.
Beyond these core components, optional additions are typically limited to fried onions. While variations exist with toppings like peppers, mushrooms, and ketchup, purists argue that these deviate from the traditional recipe. The focus remains on the quality of the steak, the texture of the roll, and the melting, gooey goodness of the chosen cheese, all complementing each other harmoniously.
Is a cheesesteak considered a sandwich or something else?
Categorically, a cheesesteak is undeniably a sandwich. The defining characteristic of a sandwich is having fillings, typically between two slices of bread or a roll. A cheesesteak perfectly fits this description, containing steak and cheese nestled within a long roll.
While some might argue its unique preparation and iconic status elevate it beyond a simple sandwich, the fundamental structure remains the same. The roll acts as the vessel for the flavorful combination of steak, cheese, and other toppings, making it a definitive member of the sandwich family. Its cultural significance in Philadelphia doesn’t change its classification; it simply makes it a very special sandwich.
What is the difference between “wit” and “witout” when ordering a cheesesteak?
“Wit” and “witout” are crucial terms in the Philadelphia cheesesteak vernacular, directly related to the presence of fried onions. Ordering “wit” means you want your cheesesteak served with fried onions, while ordering “witout” indicates you prefer it without.
These phrases are deeply ingrained in cheesesteak culture and using them demonstrates a certain understanding of local customs. It streamlines the ordering process, allowing for quick and efficient service at often bustling cheesesteak establishments. Knowing the difference is key to navigating the Philadelphia cheesesteak scene like a true local.
Why is Cheese Whiz such a popular cheese choice for cheesesteaks?
The popularity of Cheese Whiz on cheesesteaks can be attributed to several factors, primarily its distinct flavor and texture. Cheese Whiz offers a uniquely processed cheese flavor that some find particularly appealing, and it melts into a smooth, creamy consistency that coats the steak and roll perfectly.
Beyond taste, Cheese Whiz also represents a specific era and tradition in Philadelphia. Its association with the classic cheesesteak experience evokes a sense of nostalgia for many locals. While other cheeses are certainly acceptable, Cheese Whiz often provides a quintessential taste of Philadelphia.
What are some regional variations of the cheesesteak?
While the traditional Philadelphia cheesesteak recipe remains the standard, variations exist both within and outside of the city. Some establishments offer different types of steak, such as chopped chicken instead of ribeye, leading to the “chicken cheesesteak.”
Beyond the core ingredients, toppings like bell peppers, mushrooms, hot peppers, and pizza sauce are sometimes added, creating unique flavor profiles. Outside of Philadelphia, you might find variations incorporating different cheeses, breads, or even regional sauces, showcasing the adaptability of the cheesesteak concept.
How did the cheesesteak originate?
The cheesesteak’s origin is traced back to the early 1930s in South Philadelphia. Brothers Pat and Harry Olivieri, originally hot dog vendors, are credited with inventing the sandwich. The story goes that Pat decided to grill some sliced beef on his hot dog grill and put it on an Italian roll.
A cab driver noticed the sandwich and requested one for himself, suggesting that Pat add cheese to it. This seemingly simple request led to the creation of the cheesesteak as we know it today. The Olivieri brothers eventually opened Pat’s King of Steaks, which remains a landmark cheesesteak destination.
Can a vegetarian or vegan version of a cheesesteak exist?
While the name “cheesesteak” inherently implies meat and cheese, vegetarian and vegan versions have become increasingly popular. These iterations typically substitute the steak with plant-based protein alternatives like seitan, portobello mushrooms, or other vegetable-based mixtures designed to mimic the texture and flavor of beef.
The cheese component can be replaced with vegan cheese alternatives made from soy, nuts, or other plant-based ingredients. While these versions might not replicate the exact taste and texture of a traditional cheesesteak, they offer a satisfying and ethical alternative for those adhering to vegetarian or vegan diets, proving the adaptability and enduring appeal of the cheesesteak concept.